Garbage furnace of crematory.



No. 667,445. Patented Feb. 5, l90l. I

E. J. LITTLE, o. c. SHAW &'e. H. BREYMANN. GARBAGE FURNACE 0R CREMATORY.

(Applicatiqn filed June 15, 1899.) [No Model.) 2 Shoots-Sheet Fly. 1.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

EUGENE J. LITTLE, DANIEL o. SHAW, AND GEORGE H. BREYMANN, OF TOLEDO,OHIO.

GARBAGE FURNACE OR CREMATORY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 667,445, datedFebruary 5, 1901.

Application filed June 15,1899.

'To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, EUGENE J. LITTLE, DANIEL O. SHAW, and GEORGEH.BREYMANN, citizens of the United States, residing at T0- ledo, Lucascounty, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inGarbage Furnaces or Crematories, of which the following is aspecification.

Our invention relates to that class of incinerating-furnaces which isemployed for the reduction of garbage, refuse, dead animals, night-soil,and the like; and one object is to provide asimple,compact, andefficient means for the complete and economical combustion of suchsubstances and for the deodorization of the gases and products ofcombustion in such manner that the receiving, the storing, and thedrying of the garbage shall be entirely sanitary.

The further objects of our invention are to provide means for drying thegarbage to be burned, so that the garbage will itself serve as fuel forits own exaporation and reduction, for the rapid evaporation of waterand other fluids, and for feeding to the furnaces at such points and insuch quantities as may be desired the dried or partly dried substancesto be consumed.

Another object of our invention is to furnish, in connection with thecrematory, a drying-chamber which may, whenever desired, be utilized asa combustion chamber and which will also serve for the sanitary storageof garbage and the like until the same can be conveniently cremated.

Afurther object of our invention is to provide a construction by whichthe separate or supplemental furnaces hereinafter referred to may all befired or stoked from practically the same point, thus minimizing thelabor of stoking.

We attain these objects by means of the devices, construction, andarrangement of parts hereinafter described, and shown and illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, made part hereof, in which- Figure 1 is avertical longitudinal section of our furnace, taken on line an 00, Fig.5; Fig. 2, a top plan view of the same on line y y, Fig. 3; Fig. 8, avertical longitudinal section on line a: as, Fig. 4; Fig. 4, a verticaltrans- Serial No. 720,613. (No model.)

verse section on line y y, Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a vertical tranverse sectionon line 0c :0, Fig. 1; Fig. 6, a top plan view of a portion of our de-Vice, partly in horizontal section, on line 2 .2, Fig. 3; and Fig. 7, aside elevation of one end of our crematory seen from the point of viewopposite that of Figs. 1 and 2.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

In the drawings, 1 is the base or bed of the furnace; 2 2, the elongatedvertical side walls thereof; 3, the front end wall, and 4 the rear endwall. Above the bed or base 1 is a longitudinal flue or passage 5. Abovethe passage?) are transversely disposed the bars of the grate 6. Abovethe grate is the arched roof 7 of the fire-box, which arch springs fromand is supported upon the side walls, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.Between the grate 6 and the arch 7 is a longitudinal combustionchamber8.

9 is an arch, of fire-brick, springing from and extending between thetwo side walls, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, there being aconsiderable distance between the two arches 7 and 9. Above the arch 9is the upper floor 10 of our crematory, so arranged that carts andwagons may, if desired, be driven thereon and having therein a series oftrap-doors 11, which extend through the arch 9. These trap-doors arepreferably double to prevent the escape of gases and are of any suitablenumber. These trap-doors are arranged at convenient intervals along thelength of the furnace and are designedto permit the introduction ofgarbage, 850., into the chamber 12 just beneath the arch 9. Above thearch 7 and supported thereby are two flues 13, one at either side of thefurnace and running the length thereof. These fines have for theirbottom the arch 7, for their outer sides the side walls 2, for theirinner sides upright pieces or walls 14, and for their top the shortarches or inclined walls 15, supported by the side walls and theuprights l4 and forming part of the floor or bottom of the chamber 12.

4c is a cross-wall near the end wall 4, and between these two walls aresupplemental furnaces l6 and 17, which may be fed through furnace-doors16* and l7 in the side wall. From the fire-box of furnace 16 leads anaperture 16 into passage 5 beneath the gratebars 6. From the fire-box ofthe furnace 17 leads an opening 17 into the chamber 8 above thegrate-bars 6. It will be seen that the flame and hot gases from furnace16 pass beneath the grate-bars and that from the furnace 17 they passabove the grate-bars longitudinally the length of the furnace. At theforward end of the grate 6 the two passages 5 and 8 unite in a commonpassage 18, which leads upwardly between the end wall 3 and the adjacentcross-wall 3 into the open ends of the dues 13, which at their front endare open and connected directly with the passage 18. arch 7, and arch 9is a chamber 19, into which lead the two flues 13 through openings 13 inthe cross-wall. There is also an opening 12 through said cross-wallbetween the chamber 12 and chamber 19. From the chamber 19 leads anopening, flue, or conduit 20 into the stack or chimney 21.

In the stack below the opening 20 is a furnace 22, and above the openingthe shaft is provided with a series of fire bricks or bars 21 or piecesof some refractory material, this arrangement being designed for thecombustion or conversion and deodorizing of gases in their final passagefrom the furnace.

Between the two fines 13 is a floor for the drying-chamber 12,consisting of alternate perforated plates 23 and horizontally-slidingdoors 24. A series of openings 25 communicate between the drying-chamber12 and the combustion-chamber 8, and in these passages the doors 24 arearranged. Beneath the trapdoors 24 are fixed horizontal bars 27, whichserve as supports and guides and ways for the doors. These bars extendinto the space beneath the perforated plates 23. The sliding doors 24are provided with rack-bars 24, engaged by pinion 24 on horizontal shaft24, passing through the side walls and provided at its outer end with abeveled gear-wheel 24. A vertical shaft 24*, suitably journaled, has abeveled gear-wheel 24 engaging the wheel 24 The shaft 24 has at top andbottom hand-wheels24 which are within convenient reach of the operatorupon either the upper or lower floor.

Each of the perforated plates 23 is disposed beneath one of thetrap-doors 11 in the floor 10. Beneath the perforated plates aresuitable troughs or vessels 23", from which lead drain-pipes 23downwardly, emptying into a reservoir 26, formed at the bottom ofchamber or passage 5 by the sides and cross-walls and the base.

In the side walls are doors 5 and. 8 on a level with the passages orchambers 5 and 3, respectively, by means of which these chambers areaccessible whenever necessary.

The operation of our device is as follows: The material to be crematedis thrown through doors 11 into the chamber 12, the water and fluidsdraining through the perforated plates into the receptacles 23, andthence through Inclosed by end wall 4, cross-wall, 4,

pipes 23 to reservoirs 26 at the bottom of the chamber 5. Fires arebuilt in furnaces 16 and 17. The flame and hot gases from these furnacespass both over and under the bars 6, meeting in the passage 18, thencedividing and passing through the flues 13 into chamber 19, and thenceout through aperture 20 into the smoke-stack. The walls of the duesbecome very hot, and the garbage resting thereon soon becomes dry andfit for fuel. Now the operator by means of the hand-wheel 24 and itsconnected gearing causes the door 24 to slide upon the guides or ways 27beneath the perforated plates 23, allowing the garbage to fall throughthe opening 25 down onto the bars 6, where it becomes fuel and israpidly consumed. Unless the garbage contains an excess of fluids thestoking of the furnaces 16 and 17 may after the furnace becomesthoroughly heated be discontinued, as the garbage will evaporate and dryso rapidly as to furnish sufficient fuel for its own incineration. Theheat from the furnace rapidly evaporates the accumulated water in thebottom of the chamber 5, and it passes off as superheated steam and isconsumed or converted with the other gases. Gases generated in thechamber12 by the drying process pass directly into the chamber 19through opening 12 and thence into the stack through the reheating ordeodorizing furnace 21 22. Sanitary storage is also thus secured.

Under some circumstances and conditions it will be found desirable toconfine the fire in the chamber 8 to a limited portion of the grating 6or to dispense with the use of the return-fines 13 or to apply flamedirectly to the contents of the drying-chamber. In either case either ofthe doors 24 may be left open, when immediately the flame and gases,following the shortest path, will pass through the open door into thedrying-chamber and thence on into the stack. Thus the dryingchamber may,if required, be also utilized as a combustion-chamber.

In smaller crematories the furnace 17 may be dispensed with, and theflame and gases from the single furnace 16 may be caused to traverseboth the combustion and evaporating chambers.

Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent,

1. A garbage-furnace comprising an elongated chamber formed by sidewalls, end walls, and a top and bottom, an elongated grating in saidchamber, an arch above the grating whereby there are formed within theinclosing walls three passages to wit: the bottom one beneath thegrating, the middle one between the grating and said arch, and r sagesand the inlet ends of said return-fines, doors in the top leading intothe upper passage, and doors between the upper and middle passages.

2. In a garbage-furnace, a casing, horizontal partitions dividing theeasing into an upper drying-chamber, a lower evaporatingchamber and anintermediate combustionchamber, said drying-chamber being normallyclosed to the direct action of the products of combustion from thecombustionchamber, and means extending through the drying-chamber andcommunicating with the combustion and evaporating chambers forconducting the vapors and products of combustion through thedrying-chamber.

3. In a garbagefurnace, the casing, horizontal partitions dividing theeasing into an upper drying-chamber, a lower evaporatingchamber, and anintermediate combustionchamber, said drying-chamber being normallyclosed to the direct action of the products of combustion from thecombustionchamber, means extending through the drying -chamber andcommunicating with the combustion and evaporating chambers forconducting the vapors and products of combustion through thedrying-chamber, a furnace at the inlet end of the combustion chamber, afurnace at the inlet end of the evaporating-chamber, and a furnace forreheating said products of combustion and said vapors after theirpassage through the dryingchamber.

4. In a garbage-furnace, three horizontal, parallel passages disposedone above another, means for heating the two lower passages at theirinlet ends, return-fines in'the upper passage, connections between thereturnflues and the outlet ends of the two lower passages, a floor forthe upper passage consisting in part of foraminous plates andtrap-doors, means for conveying liquids from beneath said foraminoussections to the bottom chamber or passage,means for actuating saidtrapdoors, and doors in the upper chamber or passage adapted for thereception of the substances to be burned.

5. In a garbage furnace, a combustionchamber, a drying-chamber above thecombustion-chamber, a floor for said latter chamber consisting in partof foraminous sections and horizontally-sliding doors, a chamber beneatheach of said foraminous plates for fluids, guides or ways in said latterchamber for said sliding doors, and means for sliding said doorshorizontally into and out of said latter chamber.

6. In a garbage-furnace, a rectangular base or floor, elongated parallelside walls, end walls, cross-walls near each end, one of saidcross-walls being provided near its bottom with a furnace-opening, abovethis opening another furnace-opening, above the latter opening twoflue-openings 13 and above the latter openings another opening 12, theother cross-wall being provided with an opening opposite thefurnace-openings in the opposing cross-wall and two flue-openingsopposite the flue-openings 13 in the opposing cross-wall combined with ahorizontal grate disposed between the two side walls and an arch abovesaid side walls, whereby the inclosure is divided into three horizontalparallel chambers disposed in the same vertical plane.

7. In a garbage-furnace, three passages or chambers disposed one aboveanother, a floor for the upper passage or chamber composed in part offoraminous sections, receptacles beneath said sections for fluids, andconduits connecting said receptacles with the lower passage or chamber.

8. In a garbage-furnace,a combustion-chamber, a drying-chamber above thecombustionchamber, a floor for said latter chamber consisting in part ofalternate foraminous plates and trap-doors, and a series of doors in thetop of said drying-chamber disposed directly above said foraminousplates.

9. In a garbage-furnace, two side walls, a combustion-chamber betweensaid two walls, a drying chamber above the combustionchamber, an archresting upon said side walls and separating said two chambers, two linesin said drying-chamber, said fiues consisting respectively of a sidewall, an arch, an upright 14 resting upon said arch, and a short arch 15supported by said upright and said side walls.

10. In a garbage-furnace, a casing, horizontal partitions dividing thecasing into'an upper dryingchamber, a lower evaporatingchamber and anintermediate combustioncham ber,said drying-chain ber being normallyclosed to the direct action of the products of combustion from thecombustion-chamber, means extending through the drying-chamber andcommunicating with the combustion and evaporating chambers forconducting the vapors and products of combustion through thedrying-chamber, afurnace at the inlet end of the combustion-chamber,another furnace at-the inlet end of the evaporating-chamber, said twofurnaces being one above another, a stack or chimney adjacent to saidtwo furnaces, a reheating-furnace in said stack or chimney, and doorsfor said three furnaces in substantially the same plane and adjacent toeach other.

11. In a garbage-furnace, a combustionchamber, a drying-chamber abovethe combustion-chamber, flues connected with the combustion-chamber andleading through the drying-chamber, a stack or chimney connected withsaid fines and said drying-chamber, and doors between the combustion anddrying chambers, whereby, when said doors or either of them are open,the flame from the combustion-chamber will traverse the drying-chamber,and whereby the contents of the drying-chain ber may be caused to fallinto the combustion-chamber.

12. In agarbage-furnace, the casing, horizontal partitions which dividethe casing into IIO an upper drying-chamber, a lower evaporatneydisposedin the paith of the products of ing-chamber and an intermediatecombuscombustion and the Vapors from said three tion-chamber,saiddrying-chamber being norchambers.

mally closed to the direct action of the prod- 1 1 5 nets of combustionfrom the combustionchamber, flues connected with the combus- GEORGEBREYMANN tion-chamber and the evaporating-chamber and leading throughthe drying-chamber, a In presence ofstack or chimney connected with saidflues, WILBER A. OWEN, IO and a reheating-furnacein said stack or chim-L. E. BROWN.

